Music video's within my chosen genre analysis (1-2)

The music video 'This is Gospel' by Panic at the Disco, the genre of this band is indie pop/ rock.
The narrative within this music video is constructed to show the singer of the band fighting to be free of the 'darkness' which he does in the end as he battles, and finally goes into the light, leaving his body behind to be consumed by the darkness.

The artist is seen to be in casual clothing, which allows the audience to relate and link themselves to the singer with ease, meaning that the audience will also relate to the video's imagery and the message of the lyrics. Shots that stand out to me are the birds eye views of the singer fighting off the doctors as the chorus is sung, as it makes the singer look vulnerable, but also connotes that he is trying to fight and will not stop fighting for his own life, and will not be tied down to something he doesn't want (which also explains the use of ropes trying to pull him back into darkness)

The video is set on a black background, and the location seems not to chance, e.g. although it is clear that within the narrative the singer dies on the hospital bed and is then placed within the coffin, we are shown mid way through the music video that the location does not chance but the props do in order to give the illusion of a scene change. The dominant colour used is black to which the singer is trying to escape, which shows connotations of the singer trying to escape something that is giving him pain, which in the case of the music video, is a partner, 'if you love me let me go'

The editing used within this music video fits the tempo of the song, and is fast cut, however the use of slow motion is used on many different cases, for instance on the lyric 'if you love me let me go' the singer is seen in slow motion surging from the bed, which connotes the actions importance, the same is used when the singer breaks out of the coffin full of water.

There is always movement in this video, from the camera and also always from what's being filmed, the camera however helps tell the narrative as it changes shots from birds eye, to close up's.  The shots used are simple, for instance close up's and mid shots, however the camera tilts up and down, for instance when the singer is strapped to the hospital bed, which establishes to audience members where the singer is so they are not confused.

When it comes to audience members I would say that there is no apparent threat shown within this video, and although some elements may seem unsettling, for example placing a needle into his arm, and being nailed shut into a coffin. The music video although fits within the genre target audience as it shows the band's singer, and also uses imagery which reflects the lyrics.



'Let me go' symbolic imagery of ropes and hands holding him back meaning that he can't escape connotes that the person can't let him go and he can't continue with his life, however he breaks free of the ropes at the end of the music video.



Analysis two:





The music video 'The Kill' by Thirty seconds to mars shows the narrative of the band arriving at a hotel for a holiday, and are greeted with a note asking the band to stay out of one room, room 6277, the music video then follows the band on their 'get away' and the events that come to follow.  The music however does not play the song from beginning to end, it however stops and starts, giving the illusion that the music video is more of a short film, which gives the video more depth and more of a chance for the narrative to develop.

This music video contains Intertextuality, with the film 'The shining' which then allows audience members relate and also recognise locations and characters, such as the woman who came out of the shower (2:56) and the bartender (4:34) although the are played by other actors, or the band members themselves. By using Intertextuality, it widens the audience member's to reach out to both fans of the film 'The Shining' and also the band 'Thirty seconds to mars' meaning that it plays as a positive for both media products, and fans of the band are more likely to search for the film, and fans of the film are more likely to then start listening to the band.

 'This is who I really am' is shown in the video to be the lead singer fighting himself, therefore showing connotations of the singing to be fighting against his past to stay the man he has become 'inside, finally found myself, fighting for the chance I know now, this is who I really am' (3:36)  The editing within the video is fast paced to match the tempo of the song, with mostly a split screen, for example when the band members are greeted with themselves, the editing does not glitch and looks as though there are actually two of the same person in the room.
Towards the ending of the video the band and also other actors are placed into a 'warped split screen' as though the audience are seeing double, which links with the video and also the lyrics as the song is about not caring what people think anymore, and they can do what they like, say what they like about them (the band) but they have changed for the better and intend to stay that way 'come break me down bury me, bury me, I am finished with you'

The use of conventions is clearly made out to audience members as being an 'alternative' band due to the use of dim lighting, and also costume and make up on the band members, for instance all dressed in black with painted black nails, and to then change into suit and tie with the black eyeliner staying as a constant iconic feature to the band, there is also live performance of the band towards the end of the music video looking as though they are in period dressing which suits the era of the hotel, which again allows audience members to identify what band they are watching and also what genre. The band are also seen to be playing themselves and not a character, which allows audience to establish who the band are without confusion.


The use of shots within this music video is varied and always changing from one shot to the other, therefore keeping the attention of the audience, the shots include close up's, medium long shots establishing shot etc...
The music video also uses a pan (1:25) across the counter of the bar, as well as high angles which show connotations of the band members being vulnerable towards the events to unfold in the rest of the music video (eg. the fast cuts to the bloody woman and the creepy teddy bear) The shots help to tell the narrative because it allows audience to decode from the connotations and also allows the audience to have an inkling that something is not entirely right with the hotel.


I would put this music video to the rating of a 12 because although the use of threat is not throughout the video, there are some scenes that viewers may find disturbing, such as the woman covered in blood. The music video however does fit the genre target audience because all themes used fit within the conventions, reflect the song lyrics, and also relates to fans of the film 'The Shining' and the band.









By doing this it has aided me with my own music because now I know what elements I can replicate when it comes to my own music video (such as birds eye shots, minus the creepy doctors) as then it allows me to achieve the best possible grade that I can to when it comes to make my music video.

Textual Analysis using Goodwin's Theory

Genre:
The genre of the music is labelled to be pop, and the music video is also labelled under pop as it shows key elements of a pop video, for example it shows artist 'Justin Timberlake' dancing with other women around him.




Narrative:

The narrative shows the story of how a married couple met, and also takes the audience through the couples hard times, and also important points within their relationship, for example, when the woman clutches her stomach, it indicates that she is pregnant, and also the use of showing the young version of the woman in a wedding dress posed as a manikin.




Representation:
The representation within this video is age and shows positive representation of both young and mature. The representation is positive because it shows that it doesn't matter how old a person is, they are allowed to feel love, and to be loved, for instance within the music video we are shown to be looking inside the memories of the elder 'Sadie' and elder 'William' as they fell in love at a young age, which then carried on for years of marriage until the time of William's passing.







Visual Codes:

There is always a mirror or reflective surface which then connotes with the theme of reflection over her life, eg. Looking into window’s or mirrors of her past with her partner, and also to fit with the title of the song ‘Mirror’s, meaning that audience members can then fully understand the use of the mirrors. However there is a difference in the mirrors, for instance,  the young couple's disjointed mirror in a form of fun and passion to represent the same emotions in their relationship, however the present couple are given the same camera shot which tells a different story which connotes how they have become disjointed and will never be whole again, because a piece is missing from the puzzle.

The lighting on the elder 'Sadie' begins with high key lighting, and however end is low key which shows connotations the death of husband, having a negative affect on 'Sadie' as she is left not knowing what to do, which connotes that she is spiralling into depression and loneliness, therefore moving from high key to low key lighting as the camera tracks her journey through the door. 



There is also high key light in box (when she is in a wedding dress) compared to the low key lighting outside, which connotes that at the time the woman was full of joy and innocence about the idea of marriage (Seeing how this is younger 'Sadie') and with the idea that they both would be together forever, however the present the same couple are however not together as they learnt the hard way that ‘forever’ does not exist.

 A spotlight is also used on the elder couple 
which connotes angelic and religious imagery as the two star crossed lovers have lost each other physically, but his memory still remains with her, and therefore they are both seen in a white light to connote innocence and purity within their emotions for each other, also hinting at the saying ‘the heart will go on’ 

There is also a link illustrated from the visual content and the lyrics on the line 'staring back at me' allowing audience members to totally understand the visual content of the music video.  

‘you’re my reflection’ and she is the dancing girl, connotes that there is a deeper physiological meaning to both lyrics and narrative, for example ‘You’re my reflection’ the artist is looking into a mirror, and she appears as his reflection therefore having connotations that when two people are in love they reflect each other, meaning that what you see in someone else is what you 
need/or see inside yourself. 








The use of high key and low key lighting connotes that she is pure and honest with how she feels and that what you see is what you get, however by using low key lighting on the artist, it shows connotations that he however is not pure and honest, and by the female with the blue hair becoming his reflection, he wants to  see the pureness and honesty within himself. This shot then repeats alternating between himself and the female protagonist, implying that the two  are integrating, then playing on the lyrics which are being repeating ‘you are the love of my life’

Technical Codes:

Technical code of the magic book. Memory so powerful  its look as though past and present are moving into one this also connotes that the book holds most of the links to her memories, for instance a memory she revisited was that of when he first gave her the book, the help of the so called levitating book allows audience members to understand that this book represents the bridge to her memories of her loved one and also holds the only strong emotional, sentimental, nature of their relationship. 

This was done because it allows audiences members to understand the older female protagonists struggle and also emotions of the passing of her husband, because everyone one of us has lost someone, and we all have an item or memory which we also associate that person with.

 This technical code is then reversed, which connotes that by dropping her ring she is accepting that he is no longer with her, and therefore no longer her husband, meaning that when the artist catches the ring, it is her way of letting her husband go. 

Audience:

The audience for this music video could range from all ages as there are no scenes which indicate threat or apparent fear. However depending on the individual audience members experience the music video could relate to them in other ways than it would to others, for example, 15-18 age range audience members could relate to the characters shown within this music video when the couple in question meet by the jukebox, whereas 21+ audience members may relate to the video when there is indication to a pregnancy. To conclude i would say that the audience would range from A-E because the main focus of this video is about a couple who grew old together, and as that could happen to anyone, i would say there is no class or age specification to this music video.





By using Goodwin's theory, and by continuing to use his theory this will aid my work because I will be able to take into consideration all of his points and apply them to my own work, meaning that I can have a good chance with a very good grade.

Andrew Goodwin's Theory

Andrew Goodwin wrote the book 'Dancing in the Distraction Factory' in which he discusses certain traits that music videos have in common with his theory.

Andrew Goodwin’s theory:

Andrew Goodwin studies music videos, and in 1992 publishes a book on his findings called ‘Dancing in the destruction factory’

Within this book he points out that call genres of music videos have different convention codes, and put this into seven bullet points. This book is believed to be written to share this theory with the world, and to educate those who had an interest in music videos.  

     1. The Music video would demonstrate certain genre characteristics, for example,  a music video from a girl/boy band e.g. Pussycat dolls or Back-street boys, we expect certain things, for example group dance numbers.  We also expect this from music videos from rock/metal bands such as slipknot and ACDC, who are shown to be performing on giant stage with a giant audience.

 

 

 

2. There is a relation between lyrics and visual context which is often illustrated, for example Lilly Allen with ‘Alphie’  which shows exactly what is happening within the song ‘there’s not need to swear’ when the puppet Alphie is doing just that. This however is sometimes amplified by being completely contradictory to the piece, for example David Bowie ‘Let’s Dance’   the artist does not dance, and when talking about ‘holding her close’ he stand alone.

 

 

 


3. There is a relation between music and video, for example ‘Around the world’ by Daft Punk.
The video consist of many dancers, dancing to the beat of the song, for example, one set of dancers took the base line, while another took the lyrical beat.

  4.  The demand from the record label askes for close up’s of the artist. Britney Spears in ‘I’m a slave 4 u’ due to her producer, the music video shows more close up’s and long shots of the artist in the first 30 seconds then most artist have in the entire music video.

 

 

 

5. The artist may develop motive and/or iconography which would then re occur within music videos. This is shown within music videos from White stripes, such as ‘seven nation army’ and ‘the hardest button to button’ in which the drummer and guitarist is also shown playing

6. There is frequent reference to the notion of ‘looking, which is also the use of screens within a screen, such as CCTV or a hand held camera, which is used in the song ‘Alone together’ by Fall out Boy, which shows one of the band members, appearing on a TV screen, as well as the smaller screen on a camera.

7. Intertextual reference to products. This can be seen as product placement, which is commonly seen in music videos, such as a band (Sony), within the music video ‘What the Hell’ by Avril Lavigne which makes intertextual reference to the products. This can also be from films and/or TV programmes, for instance, the final audition used within the film ‘Flashdance’ is referenced to within artist Jenifer Lopez, ‘I’m Glad’ to which the location, characters, camera shots and performance is identical to the original scene from the film.  

 

 

 

 

By researching this theory it will be able to aid me with my own work because now I will be able to use his theory, and also points, such as 7 and 6 which could work well within my chosen genre and my created narrative.

 

Music Video Factsheet Individual Notes

The Purpose of a music can vary to be used to promote the artist/band with their own products, such as their new album or even, perfume or aftershave (for example popular boy/girl bands will do this, mostly with a teenage girl target audience fan base, as teenagers are more likely to buy into their merchandise) or with products of a company/business that help fund the music video, usually known as product placement,

The purpose of a music video can also be to promote a film that the song is within the films soundtrack, for instance, 'Let me in' by Grouplove contains clips from the recent film 'The Fault in Our Stars' which promotes the film, and also the band, because fans of the band are more likely to go and see the film as they are part of the soundtrack, and fans of the book and new film adaption will most likely go and check out the band.

Music videos' are now more accessible due to the development within the digital age, for example we can now access music videos on the go on devices such as a smart phone or a tablet, compared to how it used to be. Before the development, the only time that you could catch the latest music video was by tuning into 'Top Of the Pops' which ran from 1964-2006 to which the label company would give permission for the song to be played at one slot, so there was no copyright or illegally recording the song.
Due to the development in technology being able to monitor who see's or downloads what it becoming more difficult as everyone is online, and also with the rapid increase of conversion websites linked to YouTube, people are more likely to illegally download the song and not pay for the artist/band on websites such as 'ITUNES' meaning a severe loss in profit for record labels and the artist/band their/themselves.
- example of a conversion website:  http://www.video2mp3.net/

YouTube channel 'VENO' was created simply to watch music videos of most likely any artist within the label, such as 'One Direction', The channel also has links to 'ITUNES' and 'Google' to the artist/bands song so audience members can buy the song or even, merchandise of the band/artist if they wished.


When it comes to conventions of a music video, movement is a big factor, as it will compliment the tempo of the song, or even help tell the narrative, for instance in 'Rude boy' by Rihanna, when she hits the drum hit to the timing of the song, the comic flashing lights behind her change to the beat of the songs tempo. However the movement doesn't always have to come from an effect or the band/artist being filmed, the movement can also come physically from the camera, in the form of tilts, zooming in and out, tracking etc...  The speed of the editing usually fits the tempo of the song, and again can be used to help explain the narrative.

The narrative can also be related to the lyrics of the song, for example in the music video 'I was a teenage anarchist' by Against me! we are greeted with a man running from the police, indicating a loose narrative to link with the lyrics. The artist/band will also be seen to be lip-syncing or playing instruments used within the song. The artist/band can also choose to either be seen as the centre of attention, usually seen with them playing themselves performing in front of an up beat crowd, they can choose to play other characters rather then themselves, or they can choose to not be the centre of attention and fade into the back-ground, an example of this is 'Give me love' by Ed Sheeran, as the only time we see the artist is him sat alone in a coffee shop.




The music video can also contain Intertextuality which shows references to iconic scenes or costumes used in other music videos, for example the wanted in their music video to 'Walks Like Rihanna' they re-create back street boys and Nsync (this can be shown in the thumbnail)

This research will now be able to aid me to when I come to creating my own, and the work coming up to the creation, because I now have a better understanding on music videos.

References: Music video factsheet provided by Media Studies teacher
                     YouTube for the video's
                     Google images.... for the images

Initial idea for my music video

'Give me love' is a song by the singer song writer 'Ed Sheeran' and is based on love, and how he has lost her, and how he wants this woman back. I would want to choose to create a music video to this song because I believe that there are so many elements that you can play with, for example editing certain cuts with the beats with the music, a constructed narrative that also reflect the lyrics and also uses of locations and characters/costumes (for example an idea would be to have the female dressed in white as she is pure and did not sin, and the male in black as he sinned and is the reason the pair are not together, with the other minor or background parts in masks in order to show connotations that within the narrative they are not important, and are only there in order to show the narrative of the two main characters run smoothly.)

Other Students Music Video's (1-2)

  Rivers-

Genre:

The genre of the music video is indie rock and is also the genre of the artist.

Representation:

The representation in the piece is a stereotypical view on gender. The view is stereotypical because it shows the woman not being able to cope with her emotions and acting out of impulse and killing herself, the male is also seen to be more dominant as he is trying to look for her to save her from her 'dark place' which has connotations of the male being stronger than the female.

Narrative:

The narrative revolves around love and how things went from good to bad very quickly. The narrative leaves both parties alone in depression with nowhere to go, however the male decides that he is going to make things right as he misses his love, only to find that she couldn't take it and has committed suicide, who then comes back to follow him around as a ghost for the rest of his days because she still loves him.

Visual codes:

'Within without within without' when the lyric is sung there is a pan around both of the characters which changes between, for instance 'within' is on the woman 'without' is on the man. I believe this works because it allows the audience to understand that no matter what he is still thinking about her and that she played an important part within his life, which connotes that the split pan between them both is how both characters are feeling about each other, for instance they are stood in the same place, which means that they missed each other in seconds.






Technical codes:

The use of effects are good within this piece as they take into account their lighting, and have placed effects on certain points in order to lay it out to the audience that, the lighter looking shots were the times the couple were happy, and the darker looking shots is how things are now they have separated. They have only used a higher quality effect in use to lighting when they show flash backs to the couple together showing clear connotations that both the male and the female protagonists were indeed happy with each other, and now that they are not together, their world seems darker. ( 1:23- 1:25)

Audience:

The music video, personally i would place at a PG level rating as there are no dominant cause of threat or scenes that a viewer may find disturbing, apart from when the female protagonists commits  suicide. The overall narrative is recognizable to most as we have all had a lover/friend who we were deeply connected to, and to then wake one day and to not be with them anymore, meaning that audience members will most likely enjoy the music video as they are able to link themselves to the characters within the narrative, and would most likely look into buying the product as they would be able to listen to the lyrical meaning to the song 'Rivers'





Can't Hold Us-

Genre:

The genre of the music video is comedy, and the genre of the song and artist is hip-hop rap.

Representation:

The representation in the video relies on the representation of  stereotypes that we have all grown up to believe, for instance we have grown up to believe that thieves all wear a black mask and white and black striped clothing. The video does not show specific representation on class, age etc... but makes subtle comments on gender as male protagonist did not check which bag he took which falls into the positive representation of males not thinking before they act.

Narrative:

The narrative is about how a man takes the wrong bag from the table and the thieves chase him to get it back, the two thieves end up in jail  and the man returns home to notice that is not his bag.

Visual codes: 
 


The music video is set out to look as though it has come out of a comic strip, with certain points in the narrative to be frozen with a cartoon effect, such as when the two thieves notice they have the wrong bag ( 0:45) The effect works as the genre of the music video is comedy, and as well as having the two thieves in stereotypical black and white stripes with masks, it allows audiences to know that the group have decided to have fun with their piece and to create a music video, to not reflect every single lyric, but to entertain the audience instead.

Technical codes:

The use of spelling out 'Independent' across the screen as the artist speaks works as it draws attention to the lyrics and makes the audience listen and understand what the lyrics are about, seeing how the narrative is something different for most of the music video. The music video also works with movement, as the editing is cut to work with the music, for example (1:45) one of the thieves is seen to be limping behind, and the jump cuts to then show the thieve falling on the floor matches that of the beat with the song and also the tempo of the lyrics, meaning that the creators took into detail what they should be looking for and the succeeded.




Audience:

The audience for this video would have no age restriction because the music video does not show any signs of themes or signs of any disturbing nature (apart from the dead bird which is only shown briefly) or inappropriate behaviour. The music video is comedic and is a source of entertainment that audience members can have pleasure watching multiple times.



By doing these analysis on other students video's the analysis' will aid me to come to my own music video because they are my own age and open to the same equipment as myself, meaning that I now have a more realistic out take on how and what to do my music video on.

What is the purpose of a music video?

I have researched into this subject and I have found that a music video has can have more than one purpose, for example, a music video can have the purpose to;

one: Entertain 

A music video can just be made for something entertaining for audience members to watch and laugh at, for instance, the music video to 'The Lion Sleeps Tonight' 

The music video does not reflect the lyrics of the song nor does it contain any product placement etc.. meaning that producers decided to create a music video to the well known song for entertainment. 

Two: Promote an artist and/product
A music video can be made in order to sell a product or company that had a lot of influence on the budget of the video, and it also allows the artist his/herself to be known to the public and to get themselves out there.
The music video to 'What the Hell' by Avril Lavigne uses a lot of product placement, mostly for the company 'SONY' she also promotes herself by showing shots of her own perfume and herself using it.



Three: explanation of the songs lyrical meaning/message

Music videos can be used to explain messages in the song so audience members are clear of what the artist/band were trying to convey in their song.
The music video to 'G.U.Y' by Lady Gaga explains in detail how what the song is all about, resulting to an eleven minute video of how she portrays a fallen angel who is then reborn.

Music Video History

Basic information:

in the 1930's  'A colour book' by Len LYE was created and seen as experimentation which was funded by public money from places such as post-offices. This music video is also an advertisement for the local post office which can been seen when text is shown saying 'parcel'.







This can be considered the first music video because it shows images to music. 

In 1940 there was the creation of 'Soundies' which were shown on a video jukebox (a pamaram) 

This lined the way for such artsit as 'Nat King Cole' to have music videos on this machine. 

In the 1960's in France 'Scopitone' emerged and produced music videos in colour, butdid not create much of a 'hype' and mostly found in bars with males to be their main target audience, which explains the ammount of close up's on the women's bodies in featured song 'Pussycat a Go Go'  by Stacey adams on the 'Scopitone'. 





 
However down to social belief the first music video was 'bohemian rhapsody' by Queen. The music video was made because they could not attend a live gig, and they created the music video to be watched by audiences at the gig.   
1880- The first phonograph was created to record sound
1940- Records were now made to be marketed, not just for enjoyment (live performances)
1950- Youth culture changed with fashion etc, which brought alone a new era of Rock and Roll 
        - Pirate radio was also brought in as BBC banned Rock and Roll in fear it was a bad influence
1960- The Beatles came along 
1969 -  Free love festivals 
1970- Punk anarchy came into play, with the Sex Pistols. 
1980- First music video shown on TV (MTV) was 'Video killed the radio star' by the Buggles
1981- The walkman tape was produced
1982- The CD was produced
1985- The first live aid on the 13th of July
       - The music industry is taken over by Pop and chart music
1990- Alternative Brit-pop is introduced with bands such as Oasis

2000- Brought the age of technology, bands such as 'The arctic monkeys' became who they were by social media (Myspace) and the music industry began to look for commercial not artistic value with shows such as X-factor. 

MTV had a massive impact on music videos because it was the first music channel devoted to playing just music videos, meaning that the audience would be seeing more and more everyday with demands for more, and also for bands who created music videos with their record labels, it gave them a challenge to create new and more exciting music videos for their audience members to enjoy and watch, with the hope they would then buy the track the music video was to.




Why where music videos created?

The First music video to ever be created and shown was 'Queen' with 'Bohemian Rhapsody' 

Music videos were made in order to be used as a marketing scheme for the artist, the song with its sales, or even products which have funded the video or the producing of the song.

What are the most expensive music videos?

The most expensive music video was to the song ‘scream’ by Michael and Janet Jackson, which was directed by Mark Romanek in 1995 and ranged at $7,000,000. ‘Scream’ is closely followed by Britney Spears with her music video ‘Work Bi**h’ which was directed by Ben Mor and cost $6.5 million

Key conventions of Music video Genres:

Andrew Godwin studies music videos, and in 1992 publishes a book on his findings called ‘Dancing in the destruction factory’ Within this book he points out that all genres of music videos have different convention codes, and put this into seven bullet points.

1.       The Music video would demonstrate certain genre characteristics, for example,  a music video from a girl/boy band e.g. Pussycat dolls or Back-street boys, we expect certain things, for example group dance numbers. 

 We also expect this from music videos from rock/metal bands such as slipknot and ACDC, who are shown to be performing on giant stage with a giant audience.

2.       There is a relation between lyrics and visual context which is often illustrated, for example Lilly Allen with ‘Alphie’  which shows exactly what is happening within the song ‘there’s not need to swear’ when the puppet Alphie is doing just that.

This however is sometimes amplified by being completely contradictory to the piece, for example David Bowie ‘Let’s Dance’   the artist does not dance, and when talking about ‘holding her close’ he stand alone.

3.       There is a relation between music and video, for example ‘Around the world’ by Daft Punk. The video consist of many dancers, dancing to the beat of the song, for example, one set of dancers took the base line, while another took the lyrical beat.

4.       The demand from the record label askes for close up’s of the artist. Britney Spears in ‘I’m a slave 4 u’ due to her producer, the music video shows more close up’s and long shots of the artist in the first 30 seconds then most artist have in the entire music video.

5.       The artist may develop motive and/or iconography which would then re occur within music videos. This is shown within music videos from White stripes, such as ‘seven nation army’ and ‘the hardest button to button’ in which the drummer and guitarist is also shown playing.

6.       There is frequent reference to the notion

 of ‘looking, which is also the use of screens within a screen, such as CCTV or a hand

 held camera, which is used in the song ‘Alone together’ by Fall out Boy, which shows one of the band members, appearing on a TV screen, as well as the smaller screen on a camera.

7.       Intertextual reference to products. This can be seen as product placement, which is commonly seen in music videos, such as a band (Sony), within the music video ‘What the Hell’ by Avril Lavigne which makes intertextual reference to the products.  

This can also be from films and/or TV programmes, for instance, the final audition used within the film ‘Flashdance’ is referenced to within artist Jenifer Lopez, ‘I’m Glad’ to which the location, characters, camera shots and performance is identical to the original scene from the film.  

The Decade of Music video's


2010- onwards

5.  ‘Party rock anthem’  by LMFAO featuring Lauren Bennett

4.  ‘Love the way you lie’ by Eminem featuring Rihanna 

3. ‘On the Floor’ by Jenifer Lopez

2. ‘Baby’  by Justin Bieber featuring Ludacris

1. Gangnam Style by PSY

1980: 

10. ‘Rhythm Nation’ by Jannet Jackson

9. ‘Every breath you take’ by Syhchronicity

8.  ‘Walk this way’ by RUN-D.M.C and Aerosmith

7.  ‘Hungry like the wolf’ by Duran Duran

6.  ‘Sledgehammer’ by Peter Gabriel

5. ‘When does cry’ by Prince

4.  ‘Take on me’ by A-ha

3.  ‘Girls just want to have fun’ by Cyndi Lauper

2. ‘Like a prayer’ by Madonna

1. ‘Thriller’ by Michael Jackson

1990:

10. ‘Virtual insanity’ by Jamiroquai

9. ‘November rain’ by Guns N’ Roses

8. ‘Waterfalls’ by TLC

7. ‘The rain (Supa Dupa Fly)’ by Missy ‘Misdemeanour’ Elliott

6. ‘My name is’ by Eminem

5. ‘Smells like teen spirit’ by Nirvana

4. ‘Freak on a leash’ by Korn

3. ‘Vouge’ By Madonna

2. ‘Scream’ by Michael Jackson and Janet Jackson

1. ‘Baby one more time’ by Britney Spears

2000: (00-10)

10. ‘Get ur freak on’ by Missy ‘Misdemeanour’ Elliott (2001)

9. ‘Californication’  by Red hot chilli peppers (2000)

8. ‘ Firework’ by Katy Perry (2011)

7. ‘The real Slim shady’ by Eminem (2000)

6. ‘Disturbia’ by Rihanna (2009)

5. ‘Single ladies’ (Put a ring on it) (2009)

4. ‘You rock my world’ by Michael Jackson (2001)

3. ‘I write sins not tragedies’ by Panic at the Disco (2006)

2. ‘Toxic’ by Britney Spears (2004)

1. ‘Bad romance’ by Lady Gaga (2010)

These top rated music videos over the decades, were the most popular because they used Andrew Godwin’s theory, of stages ranging from point 4 (demand of record label) and 5 (A style of music video, or the way the artist is dressed)

References:  Youtube playlists. Google images


By doing this timeline of the music video history, it has allowed me to see just how far music video's have comes over the years, and how it will also aid me when it comes to wanting a popular music video that people will remember, for example looking at the top viewed music video's over the years and researching into them and adding elements of them into my own music video